Incense Bamboo
 

Mature Size, Growth, Longevity

Maximum mature culm height is 25-30' tall in the south, with a mature culm diameter to 2.5". Stiffly upright habit. Limbs run almost perpendicular to the canes, giving it a wide, horizontal spread. Height in Zone 6 is often 12-18'. This is a very fast growing, "running bamboo" that aggressively spreads if allowed.

Native Range

Phyllostachys species are native to China, Burma and India. The incense bamboo was brought over from China to the U.S. in 1908.

Flower and Fruit Details

Most Phyllostachys only flower once every 50 years.

Leaf and Bark Features

Evergreen: Leaves are dark green, medium-sized, very attractive. Bamboos generally maintain much of their "evergreen" character over the winter, but they do become dormant and start losing some old leaves as they move into winter. These fallen leaves can be left under the plants as a mulch, since they are high in silica, which is needed for good growth the following year. Bamboos don't have bark or trunks, they have culms, which are hollow, jointed stems that can grow very fast. Incense bamboo has strongly tapered, stiff, upright culms, which may release a fragrant scent during warm weather or when rubbed… thus the name.

Culture and Care

Very adaptable to most sites and soils. Thrives best in loose, loamy, slightly acidic, well-drained, moist soil in full sun or part shade. Benefits greatly from a mulch layer. Cold-hardy down to -10 degrees F. Good in Zones 6-9(10). Underground "root barriers" may be installed to control spread. "Air canals" in roots and rhizomes allow this plant to live in very wet soils. Threat of diseases and pests is minimal.

Strengths, Weaknesses, Other Facts

4-season interest: Spring, summer, fall & winter. Shoots are good tasting, & the surface has a scent similar to sandalwood. Species is distinguished by the absence of auricles and fimbriae from the culm leaf. Was previously known as P. congesta. Culms are green, aging to gray.

Suggested Uses

Used for screening. Could be used in very wet areas of the landscape, if kept in bounds. Could also be used in containers, which produces smaller plants. Good in Japanese gardens.

Taxa and Plants of this Species at BCA